KR-445 is a low-molecular-weight homopolymer of acrylic acid (polyacrylic acid / PAA) produced primarily by water treatment chemical manufacturers (such as Shandong Kairui Chemistry) as a functional equivalent to industry standard products like Acusol™ 445.
It serves as a high-performance antiscalant, dispersant, and builder/co-builder across industrial cooling water circuits, boiler systems, and laundry/institutional detergent formulations.
Technical Specifications (Typical Profile)
| Parameter | KR-445 (Acid Form) | KR-445N (Sodium Salt Form) |
| Chemical Name | Homopolymer of Acrylic Acid | Polyacrylic Acid Sodium Salt (PAAS) |
| CAS Number | 9003-01-4 | 9003-04-7 |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid | Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid |
| Average Mol. Weight (barMw) | 4,500 Da | 4,500 Da |
| Active Solids Content | 48% | 45% |
| pH (As Is) | 3.0 – 4.5 | 6.0 – 9.0 |
| Density (20°C) | 1.20g/cm3 | 1.30g/cm3 |
| Viscosity (20°C) | 100 – 1,000 mPa·s (cps) | 300 – 1,300 mPa·s (cps) |
Mechanism & Core Properties
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Inorganic Scale Inhibition: Its narrow target molecular weight (4,500Da) provides strong crystal distortion and threshold inhibition. It prevents precipitation of key mineral salts, exhibiting excellent control over CaCO scale and good-to-very-good inhibition against CaSO4, BaSO4, and silicates.
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Particulate & Silt Dispersancy: Functions as an effective dispersant for insoluble inorganic matter (iron oxides, clay, silt, and mud) by adsorbing onto particle surfaces, imparting negative charge (electrostatic repulsion), and preventing agglomeration.
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Anti-Redeposition in Detergents: In fabric care and institutional cleaning formulations, it sequesters hardness ions (Ca2+, Mg2+) and prevents soil particles from redepositing onto textiles and hard surfaces during wash cycles.
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Thermal & Hypochlorite Stability: Remains stable under elevated heat (up to high-temperature cooling loops) and in the presence of chlorine or bromine biocides, making it compatible with oxidizing water treatment regimes.
Primary Applications
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Industrial Water Treatment: Recirculating cooling water systems (power plants, refineries, steel plants, fertilizer facilities) and air conditioning loops.
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Detergents & Cleaners: Liquid fabric wash, powder laundry detergents, automatic dishwashing (ADW), and industrial/institutional (I&I) surface cleaners.
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Textile & Processing Auxiliaries: Pigment dispersion, scale control in textile wet processing equipment, and slurry stabilization.