Isothiazolinone is a broad-spectrum fungicide commonly used in the fields of agriculture and medicine. Its sterilization mechanism mainly involves the following aspects:
Blocking fungal cell wall synthesis: isothiazolinone can inhibit the synthesis of fungal cell walls β- (1,3) – D-glucan synthesis, which is an important component of the cell wall. By blocking the synthesis of glucan, isothiazolinone interferes with the normal formation and stability of fungal cell walls, leading to structural damage to the cell walls and affecting fungal growth and reproduction.
Interference with cell membrane function: Isothiazolinone can also interact with ergic acid and other lipid components in fungal cell membranes, interfering with membrane function and integrity. This may lead to the leakage of substances inside and outside the cells and the disturbance of ion balance, disrupting the structure and function of the fungal cell membrane.
Inhibition of fungal enzyme activity: Isothiazolinone can also inhibit the activity of some key enzymes, such as the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. These enzymes play an important role in the physiological metabolism of fungi, including processes such as synthesizing cell walls and metabolizing drugs. By inhibiting enzyme activity, isothiazolinone can hinder the normal metabolism and growth process of fungi.
Overall, the bactericidal mechanism of isothiazolinone is multifaceted, including blocking cell wall synthesis, interfering with cell membrane function, and inhibiting key enzyme activity. These effects collectively affect the growth and reproductive ability of fungi, thereby achieving bactericidal effects. It should be noted that the specific mechanism may vary depending on the type of fungus and the formula of isothiazolinone.