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How to use the chelating ability of PAA to treat heavy metal ions in industrial wastewater?

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Using polyacrylic acid (PAA) to treat heavy metal ions (e.g., Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, Hg²⁺) in industrial wastewater leverages its carboxylate (–COO⁻) chelation and electrostatic adsorption capabilities. Here’s a step-by-step guide to optimize the process: 1. Mechanism of PAA Chelation Carboxylate Binding: PAA’s –COO⁻ groups form stable complexes with metal ions via bidentate or bridging coordination, especially with transition metals (e.g., Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺) and heavy metals (e.g.,…

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How is PESA used in agriculture?

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PESA is a green, biodegradable scale inhibitor and chelating agent widely used in agriculture for irrigation systems, soil conditioning, and nutrient management. Below are its key applications: 1. Irrigation System Maintenance Prevents Scale & Clogging in Drip/Trickle Irrigation Problem: Hard water (high Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, HCO₃⁻) causes mineral deposits, clogging emitters. Solution: PESA (5–20 ppm) inhibits CaCO₃, CaSO₄ scale, improving water flow….

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OA-12 Packaging and Storage

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To maintain the stability and performance of OA-12, proper packaging and storage conditions are critical. Below are the industry-standard practices: 1. Packaging Specifications Parameter Requirement Rationale Material HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) drums Prevents oxidation and moisture ingress Lining Polyethylene inner liner (for metal drums) Avoids metal ion contamination Capacity 25 kg, 200 kg, or 1000 kg…

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What is Morpholine?

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Synonyms: 1-Oxa-4-azacyclohexane; Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine Molecular Formula: C₄H₉NO Molecular Weight: 87.12 CAS Number: 110-91-8 EINECS Number: 203-815-1 Applications: Morpholine is a versatile chemical with a wide range of applications across various industries: Rubber Industry: Used as a raw material for manufacturing rubber accelerators (such as NOBS, OTOS, and MDS), sulfurization agents (like DT-DM), and anti-scorching agents. Cleaning…

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what is Hydrazine hydrate?

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Molecular Formula: H₄N₂·H₂O Molecular Weight: 50.06 CAS Registry Number: 10217-52-4   Applications: Hydrazine hydrate is a versatile chemical with the following properties and uses: Solubility: It can mix with water and ethanol in any proportion but is not soluble in chloroform and ether. Reactivity: It has weak alkaline properties and strong reducing capabilities. It reacts…

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Phosphino-Carboxylic Acid

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Phosphino-Carboxylic Acid (PCA) is an organic compound with excellent scale inhibition and dispersion properties. It exhibits excellent dispersion of calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate scales by introducing a phosphonic acid group into the carboxyl group, and effectively inhibits the deposition of barium sulfate, strontium sulfate, and silica scales. PCA has wide applicability, good chemical stability,…

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Methylglycine N,N-diacetic acid, Trisodium Salt

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MGDA.Na3 is an environmentally friendly small molecule chelating agent, similar in structure to NTA, easily biodegradable and phosphorus-free. Specification: Items Index Appearance Light yellow transparent liquid White to light yellow powder/granule Content, % 38.0 min 80.0 min pH(1% water solution) 10.0-12.0 11.0-12.0 NTA, % 0.10 max 0.10 max Density (20℃) g/cm3 1.29-1.33 – Colour APHA…

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2-Hydroxy Phosphonoacetic Acid

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HPAA is chemically stable, hard to be hydrolyzed, hard to be destroyed by acid or alkali, safety in use, no toxicity, no pollution. HPAA can improve zinc solubility. Its corrosion inhibition ability is 5-8 times better than that of HEDP and EDTMP. When built with low molecular polymers, its corrosion inhibition effect is even better….

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Main components of SDIC

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SDIC (Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate) is a widely used chlorine-based disinfectant and bleaching agent. Its main components and key properties are as follows: 1. Primary Active Ingredient Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate (C₃Cl₂N₃NaO₃) Chemical Structure: A stabilized chlorine compound containing two active chlorine atoms. Available Chlorine: ~60–62% (higher than bleach or calcium hypochlorite). Forms: Anhydrous powder (most common). Dihydrate (SDIC·2H₂O): Slower dissolution, used…

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