China’s wastewater discharge standards continue to tighten, with some provinces and municipalities (such as Beijing, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui) implementing standards stricter than the current national requirements. Particularly, the heightened demands for nitrogen and phosphorus indicators in these standards have increased treatment pressures on wastewater operators. On one hand, operators must upgrade facilities to meet elevated discharge requirements. On the other hand, for projects not requiring upgrades, operators must enhance operational management capabilities and emergency response capacity to ensure compliance under stricter standards. Additionally, inadequate pipeline network maintenance in China leads to groundwater infiltration from leaks and illegal sewage discharges due to poor management, further burdening wastewater operators.
However, achieving these treatment outcomes often requires the coordinated use of water treatment chemicals. For instance, stricter total nitrogen discharge limits necessitate higher C/N ratios, demanding external carbon sources to enhance biological denitrification efficiency. Furthermore, urban wastewater in China generally exhibits low incoming COD levels. Conventional denitrification processes cannot meet the carbon source demands of the anoxic denitrification stage. In the absence of superior alternative denitrification solutions, the amount of external carbon sources required for biological denitrification will significantly increase over time. Similarly, as total phosphorus requirements tighten and mandatory online monitoring systems are implemented, demand for phosphorus removal chemicals (or advanced phosphorus removal agents) will continue to grow.
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